渐进式规范化岗前培训提升入职护士临床技能的研究

针对新入职护士规范化岗前培训对快速提升临床技能的研究状况、进展以及影响新入职护士规范化岗前培训的因素进行综述,以期为新入职护士的渐进式规范化培训的进一步研究提供参考。     

过量氟对大鼠切牙碱性成纤维细胞生长因子表达的影响

目的 研究过量氟对大鼠切牙碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（basic fibroblast growth factor，bFGF）表达的影响，从分子水平探讨氟牙症的发病机制。方法将20只Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法随机分为两组：对照组（饮用蒸馏水）和实验组（饮用100mg／L氟化水），复制氟牙症动物模型，8周末处死动物，获取切牙标本，免疫组化染色观察bFGF在大鼠切牙的表达定位及其在对照组与实验组切牙表达的变化。结果bFGF在分泌期成釉细胞、成牙本质细胞中均呈阳性表达。实验组bFGF的表达明显弱于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论过量氟可抑制bFGF的表达，从而影响上皮与间充质之间的相互介导作用，导致釉质发育障碍。     

不同浓度bFGF对犬骨髓基质细胞增殖、分化影响的实验研究

目的：研究不同浓度的碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（basic fibroblast growth factot,bFGF）对体外培养的beagle犬骨髓基质细胞（bone marrow stromal ceils，BMSCs）增殖和分化的影响。方法：体外培养第2代BMSCs的培养液中分别加入不同浓度（25、50、100、200ng／mL）的bFGF，连续6d倒置显微镜下动态观察BMSCs的形态和生长情况．行MTT比色、碱性磷酸酶（alkalin ephosphatase，ALP）活性定量检测、ALP和Von Kossa染色。结果：浓度为50ng／mL的bFGF可明显促进犬的BMSCs增殖（P〈0．05），但无显著促进犬BMSCs分化的作用（P〉0．051。结论：bFGF能有效促进犬BMSCs的增殖，且与bFGF剂量有关。     

A pilot study comparing the effectiveness of conventional training and virtual reality simulation in the skills acquisition of junior dental students

The use of virtual reality (VR) in the training of operative dentistry is a recent innovation and little research has been published on its efficacy compared to conventional training methods. To evaluate possible benefits, junior undergraduate dental students were randomly assigned to one of three groups: group 1 as taught by conventional means only; group 2 as trained by conventional means combined with VR repetition and reinforcement (with access to a human instructor for operative advice); and group 3 as trained by conventional means combined with VR repetition and reinforcement, but without instructor evaluation/advice, which was only supplied via the VR-associated software. At the end of the research period, all groups executed two class 1 preparations that were evaluated blindly by 'expert' trainers, under traditional criteria (outline, retention, smoothness, depth, wall angulation and cavity margin index). Analyses of resulting scores indicated a lack of significant differences between the three groups except for scores for the category of 'outline form', for group 2, which produced significantly lower (i.e. better) scores than the conventionally trained group. A statistical comparison between scores from two 'expert' examiners indicated lack of agreement, despite identical written and visual criteria being used for evaluation by both. Both examiners, however, generally showed similar trends in evaluation. An anonymous questionnaire suggested that students recognized the benefits of VR training (e.g. ready access to assessment, error identification and how they can be corrected), but the majority felt that it would not replace conventional training methods (95%), although participants recognized the potential for development of VR systems in dentistry. The most common reasons cited for the preference of conventional training were excessive critical feedback (55%), lack of personal contact (50%) and technical hardware difficulties (20%) associated with VR-based training.     

Effect of vitamin E on periodontitis: Evidence and proposed mechanisms of action

BackgroundPeriodontitis is a noncommunicable inflammatory disease of the soft tissue and bone surrounding the teeth in the jaw, which affects susceptible individuals with poor oral hygiene. A growing interest has been seen in the use of dietary supplements and natural products for the treatment and prevention of periodontitis. Vitamin E consists of two major groups, namely tocopherols and tocotrienols, which are botanical lipophilic compounds with excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.HighlightThis review aimed to summarize the preclinical and clinical findings on the effects of vitamin E on periodontitis. The current literature suggests that vitamin E could improve the periodontal status by correcting redox status imbalance, reducing inflammatory responses, and promoting wound healing, thus highlighting the potential of vitamin E in the management of periodontitis.ConclusionDirect evidence for the use of vitamin E supplementation or treatment of periodontitis in humans is still limited. More well-designed and controlled studies are required to ascertain its effectiveness.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和表皮生长因子对Balb/c胎鼠下颌突外胚间充质细胞增殖的影响

目的：探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和表皮生长因子（EGF）对Balb/c胎鼠下颌突外胚间充质细胞增殖的剂量效应和时间效应。方法：用体外细胞培养技术和噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法，观察不同浓度和不同时间bFGF和EGF对外胚间充质细胞增殖的影响。结果：0.1-100ng/mL bFGF,0.1-10ng/mL EGF对细胞有促增殖作用，并呈浓度依赖性,两种生长因子均在10ng/mL浓度时作用最强，并于培养第5d达到促增殖高峰。结论：bFGF和EGF能促进外胚间充质细胞的增殖。     

上颌后牙区骨膨胀技术结合上颌窦闭式提升术植入CDIC种植体的探讨

目的：探讨一种创伤较小的后牙牙槽脊增宽，同期植入CDIC种植体的方法。方法：通过使用后牙骨挤压骨膨胀的技术获得初期固位。结果：两例病例获得成功，近期成功率达100％。结论：上颌后牙区骨挤压骨膨胀技术结合上颌窦闭式提升术植入CDIC种植体是一种解决后牙区骨萎缩的方法。     

bFGF对体外培养人牙囊细胞VEGF表达的影响

目的：研究碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）对体外培养人牙囊细胞血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达的影响。方法：选取生长状态良好的人牙囊细胞，与10ng／mlbFGF孵育不同时间后，采用反转录聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）及酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）分别检测人牙囊细胞VEGFmRNA表达及上清液中VEGF蛋白分泌变化。结果：bFGF作用1、3、6、12h后人牙囊细胞VEGFmRNA表达均较0h组显著增强（p〈0．01），其中bFGF作用6h后VEGFmRNA表达最强；细胞培养上清液中VEGF蛋白分泌量随时间延长逐渐增加，但bFGF处理组VEGF蛋白分泌量高于对照组（p〈0．01）。结论：bFGF能够促进体外培养人牙囊细胞VEGF的表达。     

Expression of receptors for basic fibroblast growth factor on human periodontal ligament cells

Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2; bFGF) is a major mitogen for connective tissue cells, and participates in the healing process. It has already been reported that FGF-2 could be applicable to enhance periodontal regeneration. In the present study, we examined FGF receptor (FGFR) expression on human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. The binding of [¹²⁵I]-labeled FGF-2 to human PDL cells was studied by radioreceptor assay. The binding of [¹²⁵I]-FGF-2 to PDL cells reached a plateau after 2.5 h incubation at 4°C and was inhibited by the addition of unlabeled FGF-2 and acidic FGF (FGF-1; aFGF), but not insulin-like growth factor-I, platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor-β₁. Scatchard analysis revealed the presence of approximately 1.0 × 10⁵ FGF-2 binding sites per cell with an apparent Kd of 1.2 × 10-¹⁰ M. Interestingly, the binding of [¹²⁵I]-FGF-2 on PDL cells reached its maximum at d 6 of the culture and then gradually decreased. Scatchard analysis also demonstrated that the number of FGFRs on a PDL cell was altered during the course of the culture, while the affinity between FGF-2 and its receptor was not. The responsiveness of PDL cells to FGF-2, which was monitored by the inhibitory effect on alkaline phosphatase activity, was reduced in proportion to the decrease in the number of FGFRs on the PDL cells. The present study suggests that PDL cells alter the responsiveness to FGF-2 during the course of the culture by changing the density of its receptor, and that the density of FGFR expression might be a marker of the cytodiflerentiation of PDL cells into mineralized tissue forming cells.     

重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子联合他克莫司软膏治疗面部激素依赖性皮炎的有效性和安全性

目的 探讨重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子联合他克莫司软膏治疗面部激素依赖性皮炎的有效性及安全性.方法 选取2018年10月至2020年10月我院皮肤科收治的80例面部激素依赖性皮炎患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法将其分为对照组与观察组,每组40例.对照组采用他克莫司软膏治疗,观察组采用他克莫司软膏治联合重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子治疗.比较两组患者的治疗效果.结果 观察组的治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组患者的不良反应总发生率无显著差异(P>0.05).治疗后,两组患者的表皮油脂含量及表皮水分含量均增加,经皮水分丢失量均降低,且观察组优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗后,两组患者的自觉症状、客观体征、DLQI及SCL-90评分均降低,且观察组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组的满意度明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组的起效及痊愈时间短于对照组,复发率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子联合他克莫司软膏治疗面部激素依赖性皮炎的效果显著且安全性高,可改善患者的皮肤屏障功能、心理状态,减轻临床症状及体征,提高生活质量及满意度,缩短治疗时间,并降低复发率,值得临床推广与应用.